Astronauts have the luxury of accessing a computer equipped with a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) system that allows them to make video calls to their loved ones or anyone on Earth, without any time or duration restrictions. However, they can only initiate calls as their family members cannot contact them directly. Also, the calls are transmitted via satellite, making it impossible to make a call if the ISS is out of satellite range.
Check out the below video, Astronaut Randy Bresnik explains in great detail the main ways astronauts communicate with family and friends on Earth.
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